I like to use a 3/8" drill bit to create the holes on a table to mount the rails to give the rails a bit of wiggle room to adjust the alignment of the rail.

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Attaching the aluminum rails to the table. Do you use a 1/4" or 5/16" drill bit?

The cutting tool is an end mill (it looks like a drill bit). It is a cutting tool that can plunge and cut sideways. That item is not included and is a consumable. You will purchase these very frequently and will have geometry that is very specific to how you apply the cnc machine.

Additional Information:

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IS DRILL BIT USED IN THE CNC MACHINE?

If your axis shutters and will not move unless moved by another force, that sounds like your acceleration is set too high. Lower the acceleration until it works well, then lower it a bit more to have a margin of safety.

Users response:
I've lowered my acceleration to 1 in the StepCon program and it still shutters when I jog it, anything else I could check?

Buildyourcnc response:
IF that didn't work, try swapping the X and Y drivers. That way you will pinpoint if the issue is the driver. If the proplem persists, then there may be an issue with the motor itself.

Buildyourcnc response:
The X and Y drivers can be easily swapped by swapping only the motor wires.

- Remove the x-axis motor wires from the X driver.
- Remove the Y motor wires from the Y driver.
- Insert the X motor wires into the Y driver.
- Insert the Y motor wires into the X driver.

Buildyourcnc response:
Now the Y-axis will move the gantry. Test the Gantry movement by moving the Y axis using the up and down arrow keys (mach3).

Users response:
Problem is now solved, I switched the X and Y at the redFly and got the same problem, so then I undid the wires going to each motor and switched them there and it I had a bad solder point in the X axis connector, thank you for the help

Buildyourcnc response:
You're very welcome. We will make sure to thoroughly check the solder points on the cable connectors prior to a redFly delivery.

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GREENBULL 5X10 X AXIS SHUTTERS

An axis is a direction of motion controlled by the CNC machine control. It can be linear (motion along a straight line) or circular (a rotary motion). The number of axes a machine has determines it's machining capabilities. A 2.5 axis machine really has three moving axes, but only two axes can move together (most machines sold today are full three axis machines). For machining centers, a three axis machine will have three linear axes. A four or five axis machine will have three linear axes as well as one or two rotary axes.

Note that 2.5 versus 3 axis has yet another context. 2.5 axis machining requires that the machine have three axes, but only two axes must be moving simultaneously at any one time. (Simple operations, like drilling and most milling, fall into this category). On the other hand 3-axis machining requires that all three axes be moving at the same time (More complex operations, like the machining of sculptured surfaces required in molds and airfoils, fall into this category.)

Additional Information:


Additional Information:

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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE IN A 2.5 AXIS MACHINE?

3 axis machines cannot create undercuts in the part.

These videos show the capabilities of 3 and 5 axis machining:

3-axis CNC:

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WHAT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3 AXIS AND 5 CNC?

This is a NEMA 24 motor. It could be dual shaft or single shaft, so be sure to choose correctly. Holding torque is generally measured in Nm globally, and translated to ounces/inch in the United States. Our NEMA 24 motors are rated at 425 oz/in holding torque.

Additional Information:

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What is the replacement Z axis motor for a SM60HT86-2008BF-U2?

Please visit this link https://buildyourcnc.com/item/electronicsAndMotors-parallel-breakout-relay#prettyPhoto
and follow the steps described on the bottom of the page.

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5 AXIS CONTROLLER ISSUES.

To use a touch plate on any controller, all you need is a conductive flat material with a known thickness and some wire and alligator clips. Solder a wire to the touch plate and connect the other end of the wire to the free input terminal of the controller. Connect a wire with an alligator clip to the ground of the controller (on the Mach3 USB controller, this ground is the DCM terminal, or the digital gnd on the 24VDC power supply). Connect the alligator clip to the end mill.

You can either use a script to serve as the probe, or you can use the ref all home button and setup the touch plate as a home switch.

Additional Information:
I connect wire to cmd- and to in2. I cant getbit to work, what arecthe corresponding ports and pins to usenin mach3? Please help.

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Hello, Can I hook up a Z axis touch plate to the usb controller?

Increasing the size on your Z-axis is possible by making the over z axis longer (rails, wood structure). Remember the location of your router/spindle and over all integrity of the z-axis structure.
Now another way of getting a longer reach is making a adjustable height table, so that you can raise or lower the material section(2' x 4') to add taller material or get a deeper cut.

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Is it possible to increase the Z axis on the Blacktoe 2x4? My ideal would be to have 8" of travel.

If you are trying to determine the steps per inch (or mm) for that particular timing drive pulley, here is the formula:

Steps per inch = steps / inch

Steps = (motor steps x microstepping amount) The microstepping is how many steps to standard step from the motor. For 1/16 microstepping, there will be 16 steps for one standard step. Typically, stepping motors naturally ave 200 steps per revolution. Let use the 16 as an example:

Steps = (200 x 16) = 3200 steps for one revolution

Inches = how many inches for one complete revolution

In the case of a drive pulley with 50 teeth and .2 inches from tooth to tooth, the pitch circumference is simply .2 inches x 50 teeth = 10 inches.

Back to the formula:
Steps / inch = (3200 steps) / (10 inches) = 320 steps/inch

If you want more steps per inch (better resolution for your application), simply increase the microstepping amount, or reduce the pulley pitch circumference (smaller pulley diameter).

Let's consider a smaller pulley, say 20 teeth with the same XL specifications:
Steps / inch = (200 x 16) / (.2 inches x 20) = 3200 / 4 = 800 steps/inch

Let's consider a larger microstepping:
Steps / inch = (200 x 32) / (.2 inches x 50) = 6400 / 10 = 640 steps/inch

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.200" (XL) Pitch, 50 Teeth, 1/4" Wide Single Sided

Flip the values under "table travel" within "stepconf wizard". For example: if the table travel numbers are "4 to -10", switch them to "-4 to 10".

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MY AXIS ONLY MOVES ONE STEP AT A TIME IN LINUX CNC EMC2

You will need a Z-axis mount for Spindle if you are currently using a router.

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Do I need Z axis mount for spindle? I currently have router cnc blacktoe

CO2 laser will not cut wood material fast at all. This is just the nature of the laser energy. The wood is a very low absorbent of the laser energy and you will need to run probably around 10 ipm to cut through the wood. CNC is much more efficient for cutting and laser as more efficient at marking or slowly cutting if you need the small kerf. You will also need a relatively high output air source to cut efficiently. The air will blow away the char (carbon) on the wood. The black char will absorb most of the laser energy not allowing the wood to be cut well. We use a compressor for the air source, but you can use a commercial hydroponic air pump instead.

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How fast can I cut 1/4" wood with the 40 watt CO2 laser?

If by cogging, you are referring to the lack of torque by the presence of the lack of current to the motor, I would check the wires coming from the motor to see if there is any chafing, causing either shorting, or a connection issue. This happens on older motors due to the method of holding the wires steady using zip ties or other form that can cut the insulation of the wires. If you see this phenomenon only at specific locations on the axis, then wire chafing could be the culprit. But, can also be friction on the lead screw/anti-backlash nut.

Check the anti-backlash nut for any presence of oily debris. Remove this debris and re-lubricate the lead screw.

Check between the coupling at the motor shaft and the bearing that is positioned against the coupling. There should be a small outside diameter shim washer between the coupling and the inside race of the bearing. If there is no shim washer, then the coupling is rubbing against the outside race, causing friction, or binding.

If these methods do not work, please submit additional information on this FAQ page using the additional information button and a new solution will be submitted by us.

Customer response:
Thank you for your quick response. I found the Z-axis binding with the anti-backlash nut. What would you recommend to lubricate the anti-backlash nut and lead screw?

Additional answer:
I would recommend using 3-in-1 oil to lubricate the lead screw and the anti-backlash nut. Don't worry about the material of the anti-backlash nut breaking down since it is made of Delrin, a plastic that can be exposed to lubricants and oils.

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My Z axis stepper is "cogging," new problem on an older machine, any solutions?

To use a touch plate on any controller, all you need is a conductive flat material with a known thickness and some wire and alligator clips. Solder a wire to the touch plate and connect the other end of the wire to the free input terminal of the controller. Connect a wire with an alligator clip to the ground of the controller (on the Mach3 USB controller, this ground is the DCM terminal, or the digital gnd on the 24VDC power supply). Connect the alligator clip to the end mill.

You can either use a script to serve as the probe, or you can use the ref all home button and setup the touch plate as a home switch.

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I there a tutorial on hooking up a Z axis zero touch plate to the usb controller?

Are you using Mach3 or Mach4?

Additional Information:
using Mach3

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[816] PLS HELP ON TEST MODE THE LED DO COME ON BUT THERE IS NO MOVEMENT ON THE Z AXIS

Yes Mach3 is a great program. Our 3 axis is 6'X12'X3'using all BYCNC components (incl. redsprout)

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I JUST BOUGHT THE 3 AXIS W/HEAVY GANTRY, WILL MACH 4 RUN WELL WITH THIS, AND HOW LARGE CAN GO CUT AREA

The formula and calculation is a starting point to get into the area of steps per inch. You will then need to use the mach3 calibration utility to get the exact steps per inch.

Formula:
step per inch = (motor steps * microstepping) / (travel at one turn of the motor in inches)
if microstepping is set at 16 (1/16 on the driver) then and you are using a sprocket and chain with a pitch of .25 inches and 12 teeth on the drive sprocket
= (200 * 16) / (12 * .25)
= 3200 / 3
= 1066.666 steps per inch

For lead screw that has a travel of .5 inches at one turn like the 5 start 1/2 inch lead screw and using 4 microsteps per step (1/4):
= (200 * 4) / (.5)
= 800 / .5
= 1600 steps per inch

Remember to use the mach3 calibration wizard and double check the driver microstep setting.

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WHAT IS THE FORMULA TO DETERMINE STEPS PER INCH OR RESOLUTION FOR EACH AXIS?

The blackTooth Laser cutter and Engraver can be built in a weekend. Take a look at the build instructions and try to determine if you feel you have sufficient capability to put together the laser system.

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HOW DIFFICULT IS IT TO BUILD THE BLACKTOOTH